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causes neurology treatment syndrome algorithm alkalosis als amyotrophic chloride distal encephalopathy gitelman heat heatstroke hypernatremia hypokalemia hyponatremia illness lateral metabolic
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Type 1 Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... much easier to diagnosis ... with direct urine ... #Management #Nephrology ... #Causes #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
sodium is typically ... the excretion of sodium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
The differential ... history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... Syncope • Signs/Symptoms
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... and Management ... #Diagnosis #Management ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Measure urine osmolality ... #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Primary Polydipsia Definition: Excessive volitional water intake Epidemiology: • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
diabetes insipidus Differential ... Diagnosis: Diabetes ... Osm, Serum Sodium ... , Urine Sodium ... #management #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... Reversible course Differential ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs ... #management #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... conditions listed in differential ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology ... #diagnosis #management
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