121 results
V/Q Mismatch Physiology

by Dr. Lizzy Hastie @LizzyHastie

#VQMismatch #pathophysiology #diagnosis #pulmonary
V/Q Mismatch Physiology ... LizzyHastie #VQMismatch
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Algorithm by A-a Gradient ... Normal A-a Gradient ... compliance ↑ A-a Gradient ... Alveolar • V/Q Mismatch ... pulmonary #Aa #Gradient
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Approach to the A-a Gradient ... A-a gradient = ... PAO2 - PaO2 A-a gradient ... A-a Gradient ≤ ... and more • V/Q Mismatch
Severity of Aortic Stenosis in Adults 
Current ACC/AHA guidelines recommend cut-off values for Doppler-echocardiographic measurements of
0.6 cm2/m2, mean gradient ... transvalvular gradient ... , inconsistent grading ... <1 cm2 with a gradient
Aortic Stenosis Grading on echocardiography
The cut-offs for grading can be found in table 1. Discrepancies are
Aortic Stenosis Grading ... The cut-offs for grading ... 4.0 m/s and mean gradient
Ascites Differential Diagnosis Table - Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG)

SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 • Cirrhosis
 • Portal
Ascites Albumin Gradient ... Serum #Albumin #Gradient
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
ascites albumin gradient ... ascites #albumin #gradient
Commonly Used Clinical Grading Systems
 • Edema Grading Scale
 • Hepatic Encephalopathy Grading (West Haven Criteria)
Used Clinical Grading ... Systems • Edema Grading ... Encephalopathy Grading ... Systolic Murmur Grading ... • Ascites Grading
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
common than VIQ mismatch ... PERFUSION (V/Q) MISMATCH ... gravity-dependent gradients
Motor and Reflex Grading (0-5)

Motor Strength Grading

5	Normal

4	Reduced, moves against resistance

3	Moves against gravity

2	Moves only with elimination of
Motor and Reflex Grading ... Motor Strength Grading ... 0 None Reflex Grading ... Motor #Reflex #Grading