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diagnosis treatment causes differential algorithm hyperkalemia gitelman low neurology rhabdomyolysis acute barre binders comparison guillain guillainbarre hematology leukostasis lysis person
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... 90 minutes) • Sodium ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia ... #management #potassium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... K-ATPase which imports ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... (renal potassium ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... starts by measuring ... #hypokalemia ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Potassium Binders for Management of Hyperkalemia • SPS - Sodium polystyrene sulfonate • Patiromer (veltassa) •
Potassium Binders ... for Management ... of Hyperkalemia ... • SPS - Sodium ... table #comparison #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Pathophysiology ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Acute Hyperkalemia Management • Membrane Stabilization: Calcium Gluconate (10%), Hypertonic (3%) Normal Saline • Shifters: Insulin
Acute Hyperkalemia ... Management • Membrane ... Shifters: Insulin (Short ... Bicarbonate, Sodium ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Diagnostic Algorithm To assess potassium excretion: perform 24-hour urine collection or alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ratio on
Hypokalemia Diagnostic ... ratio on a spot ... be <3; greater values ... Algorithm #TTKG #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... priapism • Lab values ... : • Pathophysiology ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Framework and Management ... - Compartment syndrome ... Monitor potassium ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management ... causes #treatment #nephrology
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