8 results
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Extrarenal Hypernatremia ... • Euvolemic (Low ... Ingestion Renal Hypernatremia ... MatthewHoMD #Hypernatremia
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... case of hypotonic hyponatremia ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Physiologic #Hypotonic #Hyponatremia
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia ... TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... : • Hypovolemia ... #sodium #low
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... previously stable values ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Adrenal Insufficiency - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
Most Common Cause in the US: Autoimmune Adrenalitis
Other
secondary AI, hyponatremia ... Hyperkalemia is ... Hyperpigmentation is absent (low ... hypophysitis, Sheehan's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Cushing's Syndrome ... Cataracts Labs: Hypokalemia ... is decreased), hypernatremia ... levels following a low-dose ... signs #symptoms #endocrinology
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
and ulcers • Vagus ... • Boerhaave syndrome ... hormonal imbalances (low ... ) • Overall: hypokalemia ... hypochloremia, hypernatremia