7 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Kidney ... Cl- outside the kidneys ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Distal (classic) ... Chronic progressive kidney ... loads (ammonium chloride ... #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
(NAGMA) - Differential ... Chloride Intoxication ... RTA): Type 1: Distal ... Metabolic #NAGMA #Differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Decreased Intake: • Low ... unloading • Kidney ... cause metabolic acidosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... - Metabolic acidosis ... Proximal RTA, Distal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Calcium Phosphate: Distal ... Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Syndrome type 1-4, Lowe ... #Stones #pediatrics ... #nephrology #differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
of cells on the distal ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology