12 results
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
serum ascites albumin ... gradient (SAAG) ... protein ≤ 2.5 g/dL: Cirrhosis ... #ascites #albumin ... #gradient #hepatology
Ascites Differential Diagnosis Table - Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG)

SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 • Cirrhosis
 • Portal
Serum Ascites Albumin ... • Cirrhosis • ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Table #Serum #Albumin ... #hepatology
Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology
 - Ascites Formation
 - Dilutional Hyponatremia
 - Hepatorenal Syndrome
 - Spontaneous Infections

#Cirrhosis #Pathophysiology
Cirrhosis - Pathophysiology ... - Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Infections #Cirrhosis ... #Pathophysiology ... #hepatology #liver
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
Gradient (SAAG) ... >1.1 g/dl): - Cirrhosis ... ascites without cirrhosis ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... ischemia/infarction #SAAG
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
HTN: ascites (SAAG ... and hepatorenal syndrome ... INR, bilirubin, albumin ... • Budd Chiari syndrome ... Diagnosis #causes #hepatology
Indications for Albumin for Management of Cirrhosis
 • Large volume paracentesis (>5 liter) - 8g per
Indications for Albumin ... Management of Cirrhosis ... • Hepatorenal syndrome ... terlipressin #Albumin ... #treatment #hepatology
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
hypertension (SAAG ... - Budd-Chiari syndrome ... disease - Cirrhosis ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Production: • Albumin ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... • Gilbert's syndrome ... #differential #Hepatology
Acute-phase Reactants Synthesized in the Liver 
Positive acute-phase reactants (concentrations increase with acute inflammation)
 - Immune-related
Serum amyloid A (SAA ... Transthyretin (TBPA) - Albumin ... Liver #Synthesis #Hepatology ... #pathophysiology
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4)

Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap:
•
Total Protein - Albumin ... concentration minus albumin ... changes (POEMS syndrome ... Liver disease: Cirrhosis ... gastric tumors • Hematology