11 results
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
clinical findings ... Retinoblastoma Signs ... partial retinal red reflex ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
LMN signs in the ... LMN signs to determine ... LMN signs on examination ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... #diagnosis #management
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms ... #management #neurology
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
and Management ... extrapulmonary cases Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... years - May have signs ... numbness, decreased reflexes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
clinical findings ... diffuse light reflex ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis on Physical Exam

A 41yo female was referred by her neurologist for double vision.
bilateral ptosis ... cogan sign and ... always ask your ... #video #ophthalmology ... #neurology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
and Management ... renal failure Clinical ... mediators such as ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... also involved), ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... #management #signs
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
Diagnosis = clinical ... systemic sx + signs ... GCA #Temporal #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis ... #Management