6 results
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
—20 per min in normal ... disease, pleuritic chest ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... #Pulmonary #Abnormalities ... #Abnormal #Diagnosis
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Weakness, Loss of Chest ... Elasticity (flail chest ... : Atelectasis, ARDS ... #differential #diagnosis
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Loss of weight • Chest ... • Mounier-Kuhn syndrome ... parenchyma Diagnosis ... high-resolution chest ... - BAR >1.0 is abnormal
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Pulmonary: dyspnea ... , cough, chest pain ... acute sarcoidosis Pulmonary ... 16-32%): lupus pernio ... ), liver (pain/abnormal
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... • CT: Halo sign ... Infections #HIV #AIDS ... #pulmonary #differential
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
• Amiodarone half ... organizing pneumonia, ARDS ... respiratory distress syndrome ... Pleuritic chest ... Eosinophilia • Normal