8 results
Pulmonary Embolism with IVC Thrombus In Transit

A patient presents with chest pain. Which of the following
with IVC Thrombus ... artery filling defect ... enlargement, McConnell sign ... , and paradoxical ... echocardiogram #a4c
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
m/s • Other signs ... vasoconstricting effect ... endothelin - Effect ... metabolism - Effect ... proliferation - Effect
Cool echo - RV strain, McConnell sign, and CLOT IN TRANSIT!! BP is normal and pt
strain, McConnell sign ... BP is normal and ... Echocardiogram #A4C ... #Pulmonary #Embolism ... #Thrombus #Clots
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
Negative Contrast Effect ... in Right Atrium ... Small secundum ASD ... Negative #Contrast #Effect ... echocardiogram #s4c
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
/0.8)] - PaO2 Normal ... ARDS, Pneumonia and ... • Diffusion Defect ... Gradient #alveolar #arterial ... #hypoxemia #differential
Causes of Abnormal PT and/or aPTT
Prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT)
1. Acquired deficiency of FVII
Causes of Abnormal ... Prolonged Activated Partial ... thrombin inhibitors ... Supratherapeutic warfarin effect ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... Vasculitis Differential ... purpura: Strong sign ... fluid (CSF) is abnormal ... Thrombosis and arterial
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis and Management Summary
10 percent rule = 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal, multiple, bilateral,
Signs: 50% pts, ... • Classic triad ... hypotension (may reflect ... may present with pulmonary ... the vasodilatory effect