133 results
Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Primary Myocardial Processes (> 90%):
 • Acquired structural heart disease: CAD, Most
Arrhythmogenic right ... Long/short QT syndromes ... , Brugada syndrome ... Acquired long QT syndrome ... Arrest #cardiology #differential
Anisocoria Evaluation Flow Chart - Differential Diagnosis
1. Check pupillary reaction to light 
2. Measure pupil size.
Evaluation Flow Chart - Differential ... pupillary reaction to light ... pupil size in bright ... - Horner's Syndrome ... Evaluation #Algorithm #Differential
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
Peripheral Edema - Differential ... resolves after the right ... crosses under the right ... Peripheral #Edema #differential ... #PhysicalExam #Pathophysiology
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Irritable bowel syndrome ... Malabsorption syndromes ... Normal stool weight ... Irritable bowel syndrome ... workup #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Generalized Edema - Differential ... • Nephrotic Syndrome ... Hydrostatic Pressure • Right ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Generalized #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome ... Purple #Urine #Bag #Syndrome ... #PUBS #pathophysiology ... clinical #photo #differential
Mydriasis and Miosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Causes of Mydriasis:
Dilated pupils (mydriasis) more than 7mm
 • Unilateral
Mydriasis and Miosis - Differential ... response, Serotonin syndrome ... Miosis: Horner's syndrome ... light response ... Mydriasis #Miosis #differential
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
of Hypoxemia- Differential ... Intracardiac Right ... Defect Pulmonary Right ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Hypoxemia #Hypoxia #Differential
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... Posterior Cord Syndrome ... proprioception, and light ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology