2 results
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Chest x-ray: signs ... bilateral pleural effusions ... Consider cardiac ... #diagnosis #management ... #sCHF
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
disease b) CHF ... risk (>5%): - Aortic ... change CV risk Chest ... X-ray: • Not ... medical and surgical management