2 results
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
: weight gain, lung ... HFrEF may lack lung ... Chest x-ray: signs ... bilateral pleural effusions ... #management #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
change CV risk Chest ... X-ray: • Not ... unless prior heart/lung ... medical and surgical management ... stratification #diagnosis