21 results
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
Amyotrophic Lateral ... examination finding of amyotrophy ... lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... - Causes progressive ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
flow to tissues, also ... stagnant hypoxia (e.g ... carrying capacity (e.g ... cannot use oxygen (e.g ... #causes #pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... unless worrisome EKG ... #diagnosis #management
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... risk factors (eg ... hypertension (eg ... hypertension (eg ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
indicates unknown cause ... these patterns are also ... vascular diseases (e.g ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... symptoms are not caused ... mediators such as ... (e.g. incidental ... #Management #Signs
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
40% of patients diagnosed ... Signs of immunodeficiency ... Inability to produce all ... bacterial infections (e.g ... Agammaglobulinemia #XLinked #pathophysiology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential Diagnosis ... by excretion (e.g ... its metabolism (e.g ... output - Acute pulmonary ... Ethylene glycol - HIV
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis ... exposed tothe sun (e.g ... gluconeogenesis enzymes (e.g ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology
Invasive Aspergillus (IA) - Diagnosis and Management
Aspergillus is ubiquitous in nature. Most invasive infections are caused
infections are caused ... immunosuppression (eg ... SOT, Advanced HIV ... presentations: • Pulmonary ... • AspGM can be also