11 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... • Fatigue Chloride ... may cause metabolic ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... other • Severe potassium ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Potassium-sparing ... loads (ammonium chloride ... #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... Base #Gas #VBG #differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypochloremic metabolic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Supplement: • Potassium ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... Monitor potassium ... #nephrology
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
The metabolism of ... In both SK and AK ... provided the starting potassium ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #management