102 results
“H’s & T’s“ - The reversible causes of Cardiac Arrest 
Hypovolemia, Hypoxia/Hypoxemia, Hydrogen Ion Excess (Acidosis),
Cardiac Arrest Hypovolemia ... /Hyperkalemia, Hypothermia ... Coronary) #HsTs #acls ... #differential # ... diagnosis #arrest #management
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #Differential #
Classification of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) and Treatment of Metabolic Abnormalities of TLS
Laboratory TLS:
 • Uric
and Treatment of Metabolic ... Intravenous fluids • Renal ... hydroxide • Hyperkalemia ... treatment • Hypocalcemia ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... #Differential # ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential ... lysis syndrome • Metabolic ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia ... tubal acidosis and metabolic ... wasting syndrome Hypovolemia ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Evaluation and Management of Hyperkalemia

As with hypokalemia, the immediate danger of hyperkalemia is its effect on
Evaluation and Management ... of Hyperkalemia ... As with hypokalemia ... efforts should focus ... with underlying renal
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... Acidosis #HAGMA #Differential ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology