24 results
Diabetes – diabetic nephropathy
Majority of the literature in the area is applied to the diabetic nephropathy
Diabetesdiabetic ... applied to the diabetic ... be the primary cause ... - Cytokines #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #CKD
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
of Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... In DKA, the normal ... #Pathophysiology ... #DKA #Diabetes ... #Endocrinology
Erectile Dysfunction: Pathogenesis

Erectile Dysfunction - Persistent or recurrent inability to achieve an erection sufficient to achieve
NO release -> Abnormal ... and rigidity Endocrinologic ... hyperlipidemia, diabetes ... (penile artery diameter ... #Dysfunction #Pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... out of cells may cause ... to be falsely normal ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... retinal layers -> Dot ... retinal ischemia causes ... #Retinopathy #Diabetes ... complications #pathophysiology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... : Most Common Causes ... C deficiency, anticoagulation ... Hypoparathyroidism - Type 1 diabetes ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
Ketone bodies are a normal ... • Diabetic ketoacidosis ... (DKA) - caused ... Glucosuria causes ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
NSAID vs ACEI/ARB effects on the Kidneys

Remember that NSAIDs and ACEI/ARB therapy have opposing effects on
NSAIDs cause vasoconstriction ... patients with normal ... use shouldn't cause ... ACEIARB #Effects #Nephrology ... #Renal #Pathophysiology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... Hyperprolactinemia • Diabetes ... Headaches • Nausea ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Diabetes Morning Hyperglycemia - Dawn Phenomenon vs Somogyi Effect 

When patients FBG's are elevated each morning
Diabetes Morning ... experiencing the normal ... those without diabetes ... insulin levels causes ... Diagnosis #Management #Endocrinology