10 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... • Acute and chronic ... dot/blot hemorrhages ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
retinal layers -> Dot ... retinal ischemia causes ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused ... changes and may cause ... severe clinical complications ... Malnutrition due to chronic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Diagnosis and Pathophysiology ... Physiologic Causes ... disorders - Chronic ... • Sepsis Complications ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... Headaches • Nausea ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology
Bulimia Nervosa: Signs and Symptoms
Associated Psychological / Behavioural Features
 • Feelings of shame, guilt and embarrassment
gum disease from chronic ... indication of chronic ... Symptoms related to complications ... Sores, scars, calluses ... BulimiaNervosa #pathophysiology
Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)
ET is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm. Most cases are related to mutations that affect
(ET) ET is a chronic ... Most cases are related ... , symptoms and complications ... MI, stroke, DVT/ ... Hydroxyurea + anticoagulation
Alcohol Withdrawal: Clinical Findings and Complications
The onset of alcohol withdrawal generally begins 6-24 hours after the
Clinical Findings and Complications ... likely to have DT ... dreams, anorexia, nausea ... Generalized Tonic-Clonic ... Alcohol #Withdrawal #Pathophysiology