8 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
dot/blot hemorrhages ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
retinal layers -> Dot ... retinal ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Abdominal pain, nausea ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
• Significant cause ... damage & blindness Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
and ophthalmic complications ... systemic sx + signs ... Biopsies remain positive ... required +/- prompt ophthalmology ... GCA #Temporal #Signs
Alcohol Withdrawal: Clinical Findings and Complications
The onset of alcohol withdrawal generally begins 6-24 hours after the
Clinical Findings and Complications ... likely to have DT ... dreams, anorexia, nausea ... Alcohol #Withdrawal #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs