21 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Disorders - Blood Gas ... Steps for Blood Gas ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... #ABG #bloodgas
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... acidosis: Gl tract ... acidosis: Proximal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Metabolic acidosis ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... Gap Acidosis: ... Hypokalemia ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... #Metabolic #Acidosis ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
hyperkalemia? ... acidosis? ... patients with a metabolic ... AKI in NS row was ... #indications #comparison
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
complications such as ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... acidosis: Proximal ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... with renal tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
metabolic acidosis ... Anion gap metabolic ... the indicated causes ... of anion gap metabolic ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
bodies are a normal metabolic ... acidosis, is seen ... of re-feeding syndrome ... acidosis (pH < ... Glucosuria causes