13 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
• Symptoms of anemia ... • hemolytic anemia ... Hyperbilirubinemia • Elevated ... Blood smear - RBC ... younger pts) Differential
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... with elevated Mean ... Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Neutrophils - Low RBC ... RBCs in Rouleaux
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... Agglutination - Cold agglutinins ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #workup
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
(RBC = red blood ... the most likely cause ... reticulocyte count is elevated ... also causes an ... of the initial work-up
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Platelet Disorders - Differential ... Diagnosis and Workup ... changes), high MCV anemia ... Platelet #Disorders #Differential ... #Workup #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... . primary cold agglutin ... • Intrinsic RBC ... Extravascular #Causes ... #differential #
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
result in severe anemia ... schistocytes, nucleated RBCs ... immune hemolytic anemia ... count and differential ... ThromboticThrombocytopenicPurpura #Diagnosis #Workup
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Evaluation 1) Clinical clues ... a careful med rec ... #differential # ... endocrinology #calcium #elevated ... #evaluation #workup
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
intralobular bile ducts causes ... normal or slightly elevated ... Normal early on but elevated ... bile ducts Differential ... cholangitis #diagnosis #workup
Quincke's Pulse in a patient with a normal echocardiogram (non-valvular)

A 70 y/o man presents with new
100 mm Hg), and elevated ... Sent for RHC to ... Workup for cause ... highest on my differential ... EtOH causes thiamine