18 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... - Coagulation disorder ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Macrocytic RBC: Vitamin B12 ... Unstable hemoglobin disorders ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... , Paroxysmal cold ... RBC #Morphology #differential
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
lymphoproliferative disorder ... Viral Infection Clinical ... of anemia include ... • hemolytic anemia ... younger pts) Differential
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... - Differential ... neurological lesion: Clinical ... myelopathy - Vit B12 ... #diagnosis #neurology
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... dysfunction, and/or disorders ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... to manifest its symptoms ... , alcohol use, symptoms
Generalized Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
"l feel weak":
 • Infectious: Influenza, EBV, PNA, Bacteremia, Sepsis
 •
: CHF, valves, COPD ... ILD, OSA, pHTN, Anemia ... Rhabdomyolysis, Critical ... Polyneuropathy, ALS), NMJ disorder ... Diagnosis #causes #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... HIV) - Vitamin B12 ... , Copper deficiency ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... syndromes #lesions #differential
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Transverse Myelitis - Clinical ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... • Nutritional Deficiency ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
fatigue despite clinical ... Crohn's > UC Anemia ... Receptor (sTfR) to differentiate ... restricted diet/deficiency ... symptoms even if
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... Non-neuromuscular disorder ... of the spinal cord ... endocrine: Vitamin B12 ... deficiency