19 results
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
B12/Folate ... Deficiency • Aplastic ... • RBC Membrane Disorder ... #Classification ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... - Coagulation disorder ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... differential #diagnosis #signs
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
neurocognitive disorders ... 1) Clinical ... Whipple, vitamin deficiency ... (parkinsonian signs ... Differential #Subtypes #Classification
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... • Common Causes ... dysfunction, and/or disorders ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... #Cobalamin #Deficiency
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Clinical Presentation ... and petechiae Causes ... , GATA2 deficiency ... , CTLA4 deficiency ... #oncology #hematology
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
and metabolic causes ... sedative drugs, uremia ... Pseudoseizures #GrandMal #Classification ... #Diagnosis #Neurology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... hypertension and signs ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
are a group of disorders ... formed or don’t work ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... Workup: • Complete ... diagnosis #hematology #oncology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Non-neuromuscular disorder ... endocrine: Vitamin B12 ... deficiency • ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... dystrophies Work
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Phosphatase Of Clinical ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... Phosphatase: • Other causes