10 results
Approach to Hypoproliferative Macrocytic Anemia

 • 812, Folate Deficiency
 • MDS+
 • Hypothyroid
 • Liver Disease
Hypoproliferative Macrocytic ... Anemia812 ... , Folate Deficiency ... #Anemia #differential ... algorithm #hematology #workup
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff ... thiamine (vitamin B1 ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... diagnosis #comparison #neurology
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
evaluation of macrocytic ... of the initial work-up ... deficiency is present ... deficiency. ... #Macrocytosis #Macrocytic
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... Beri-beri, Wernicke-Korsakoff ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... #Vitamins #Deficiency
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
Korsakoff Syndrome ... Clinical Findings ... • Anterograde amnesia ... presentation of Thiamine deficiency ... #Syndrome #neurology
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... : • Worsening macrocytic ... anemia, yellow ... #Cobalamin #Deficiency
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
Diagnosis and workup ... 1) Clinical ... Whipple, vitamin deficiency ... - Progressive amnesia ... Differential #Subtypes #Classification
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Phosphatase Of Clinical ... • Vitamin C deficiency ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... respiratory failure • Neurologic
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... common cytopenia: Macrocytic ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... or folic acid deficiency ... Workup: • Complete
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
of lactate as a clinical ... malignancy, or thiamine deficiency ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... effect - Thiamine deficiency ... #typea #typeb #classification