11 results
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency ... paraesthesiae • Folate ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #nutrition
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Wernicke Encephalopathy ... upper limb) • Nutritional ... treatment can improve symptoms ... #Management #neurology ... #nutrition
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
of the initial work-up ... deficiency is present ... but undiagnosed, folate ... deficiency. ... #VitaminB12 #Folate
Wernicke's Encephalopathy vs Korsakoff Syndrome - Thiamine Deficiency

Wernicke's encephalopathy is a neurological condition due to longstanding
thiamine (vitamin B1 ... ) deficiency, commonly ... and retrograde amnesia ... #vitaminB1 #B1 # ... diagnosis #comparison #neurology
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
) Deficiency Etiology ... intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... to manifest its symptoms ... , alcohol use, symptoms ... diagnosis #management #nutrition
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
fatigue despite clinical ... Crohn's > UC Anemia ... • Supplement folate ... restricted diet/deficiency ... symptoms even if
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... may cause severe clinical ... (thiamine) Late ... overload) Other Symptoms ... syndrome • Wernicke encephalopathy
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency ... Clinical Presentation ... Psychiatric symptoms ... Loss of teeth Anemia ... lead to iron and folate
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Phosphatase Of Clinical ... • Pernicious anemia ... /B12 deficiency ... mineralization Symptoms ... respiratory failure • Neurologic
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... age 70 years Symptoms ... Platelet Disorders • Nutritional ... : vitamin B12 or ... Workup: • Complete