41 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride ... suction, Congenital chloride ... use The urine chloride ... , a high urine chloride ... Urine chloride is
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Algorithm - Urinary Chloride ... suction, Congenital chloride ... causes #urinary #chloride
#IntracellularFluid #ICF #MajorAnions #Phosphate #MajorCations #Potassium #Magnesium #pH7.0 #ExtracellularFluid #ECF #MajorAnions #Chloride #Bicarbonate #MajorCations #Sodium #pH7.4
#MajorAnions #Chloride
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Algorithm Urine chloride ... < 20 mmol/l - Chloride ... responsive (Chloride ... diuretic use Urine chloride ... > 20 mmol/l - Chloride
Nephron Remodeling as a Mechanism of Diuretic Resistance. When high doses of loop diuretics are used
thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride ... channel, and the chloride–bicarbonate
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia and Treatment
Membrane Stabilization
 - Calcium gluconate or chloride 
Redistribution
 - Insulin
Calcium gluconate or chloride
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
syndrome • Urine Chloride
Mechanisms of Loop Diuretic Action and Resistance. Panel A, loop diuretics circulate bound to protein. As
diuretics compete with chloride ... sodium–potassium–chloride
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
contracted: urine chloride ... nasogastric suction • Chloride-rich ... expanded: urine chloride ... contracted: but urine chloride
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
1.5 mEq/L • Chloride ... 154 mEq/L • Chloride ... receives high chloride ... GFR to reduce chloride