13 results
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Mixed* - Inherited carbonic ... #Tubular #Acidosis ... #RTA #types #classification ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
When tonic—clonic ... toxic or metabolic disorder ... psychological disorder ... Pseudoseizures #GrandMal #Classification ... #Diagnosis #Neurology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... - Differential Diagnosis ... /Chronic renal failure ... - Adrenal insufficiency ... #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal acidosis ... Chronic progressive ... insufficiency) ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Renal insufficiency ... Surgical drains - Chronic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... newborn Pulmonary veno-occlusive ... renal failure ... Hypertension #PHTN #Classification ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Chronic Hypertension:
 • Guidelines as SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg
 •
Hypertensive Disorders ... severe RUQ pain, renal ... insufficiency ( ... seizure (typically ... #Hypertensive #Disorders
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Metabolic acidosis ... insufficiency/Failure ... #differential #diagnosis ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Metabolic acidosis ... insufficiency/Failure ... #differential #diagnosis ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of Failure to Thrive - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Adequate Calorie Consumption
 - Increased Losses:
- Differential Diagnosis ... Reflux • Renal ... Tubular Acidosis ... • Pancreatic Insufficiency ... • Metabolic Disorders