11 results
Aortic Stenosis Grading on echocardiography
The cut-offs for grading can be found in table 1. Discrepancies are
Aortic Stenosis ... The cut-offs for grading ... can be found in table ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #Aortic ... AorticStenosis #Classification
Severity of Aortic Stenosis in Adults 
Current ACC/AHA guidelines recommend cut-off values for Doppler-echocardiographic measurements of
Severity of Aortic ... as follows: aortic ... >50 mmHg (2) (Table ... , inconsistent grading ... AorticStenosis #Classification
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
Hypersensitivity Types ... Their Mechanisms Type ... cellular antigen, leading ... #Classification ... Diagnosis #Reactions #Table
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Summary table of ... Type 1 - Mediators ... cell antigens, leading ... #allergy #table ... #classification
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Shock Classification ... • Most common type ... Hemorrhagic → leading ... #Types #diagnosis ... warm #wet #dry #table
Shock Types - Classification
State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Shock Types - Classification ... Mechanical → severe aortic ... dissection of ascending aorta ... Hemorrhagic → leading ... water #Shock #Classification
Aortic Stenosis Severity Classification

Mild AS:
 • Valve Area > 1.5 cm2
 • Mean Gradient < 20
Aortic Stenosis ... Severity Classification ... Velocity > 4 m/s #Aortic ... Stenosis #Severity #Classification ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #Table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Oral sodium loading ... Hyperthyroidism • Aortic ... Causes #Screening #Workup ... #table
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
event, follow ACC algorithm ... Risk Stratify Type ... risk (>5%): - Aortic ... What is the type ... Severe Aortic stenosis
Laparoscopic Instruments - Common Surgical Instruments
Many instruments are similar to those used in open surgery, adapted
Laparoscopic work ... Source: Fiber optic ... cable connects ... implements used to work ... Can perform grasping