58 results
Antiarrhythmic Drugs

CLASS IA
 • Procainamide, Quinidine, Disopyramide
CLASS 1B
 • Lidocaine, Mexiletine
CLASS 2
 • Propranolol, Esmolol
CLASS 4
Antiarrhythmic Drugs CLASS ... Disopyramide CLASS ... Adenosine, Magnesium, Potassium ... #Medications #Classes ... #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Anorexia GI Losses ... excess - Renal tubular ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hypokalemia • Renal tubular ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Excretion (IV potassium ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Kussmaul's sign in Constrictive Pericarditis 

A 50-year-old woman with a remote history of mediastinal lymphoma (age
Kussmaul's sign in Constrictive ... Causes = RV failure ... restrictive CM, constrictive ... Clinical #Neck #JVP #Jugular ... #Constrictive #
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

-
No constriction! ... DDx includes constriction ... and other rarer causes ... cardiology #neck #jugular
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... anions • Renal tubular ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... heart failure • Constrictive ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Hemolysis Classification - Intrinsic and Extrinsic Causes

Commentary: Another way to think of immune hemolysis would be
Hemolysis Classification ... and Extrinsic Causes ... autoimmune (most of the causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Algorithm