11 results
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
Causes of Vitamin ... B12 Deficiency ... Intestine: SIBO, Celiac ... disease, IBD, Lymphoma ... #Deficiency #Cobalamin
Causes of Pediatric Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infectious:
 • Viral
 • Bacterial
 • Parasitic
Malabsorption:
 • Lactase
Causes of Pediatric ... Cystic Fibrosis • Celiac ... Disease • Primary ... Inflammatory Bowel Disease ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... , coeliac disease ... #VitaminB12 #deficiency
Gastrointestinal Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia
In patients with anemia, diagnose iron deficiency if:
 • Ferritin <
Gastrointestinal Evaluation ... tests Test for celiac ... disease with serology ... change medical management ... Gastrointestinal #Evaluation
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... related to IBD, celiac ... disease, other ... total body stores Evaluation ... #diagnosis #management
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
(B12, MMA) for ... restricted diet/deficiency ... fatigue despite disease ... /other causes • ... Algorithm #diagnosis #management
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease ... ischemia • Aortic/Iliac ... Neuropathy (DM, Vit B12 ... , B6, Cu deficiency ... - HIV - Lyme disease
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
• Autoimmune diseases ... Adult-onset Still disease ... Cellular immune deficiency ... inhibitors under evaluation ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #management
Aortic Dissection Pearls
Aortic dissection is caused by a tear in the tunica intima, the innermost layer
dissection is caused ... Evaluation: 1. ... Marfans, EDS ... • Aortic valve disease ... Dissection #diagnosis #management
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Check Vitamin B12 ... MCTD - Bechet disease ... • Nutritional Deficiency ... : - Vitamin B12 ... Myelitis #diagnosis #management