7 results
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
Algorithm for the evaluation ... red blood cell; MMA ... the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... deficiency.
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
Causes of Vitamin ... B12 Deficiency ... Intestine: SIBO, Celiac ... disease, IBD, Lymphoma ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia
Gastrointestinal Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia
In patients with anemia, diagnose iron deficiency if:
 • Ferritin <
Gastrointestinal Evaluation ... of Iron Deficiency ... tests Test for celiac ... disease with serology ... #Evaluation #workup
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... Autoimmune - Pernicious anaemia ... , coeliac disease
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... related to IBD, celiac ... disease, other ... total body stores Evaluation ... - Elevated MMA
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
Crohn's > UC Anemia ... (B12, MMA) for ... restricted diet/deficiency ... fatigue despite disease ... /other causes
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
formed or don’t work ... Myeloproliferative Disease ... Nutritional: vitamin B12 ... or folic acid deficiency ... Workup: • Complete