4 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
and Evaluation ... , liver, renal disease ... history #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
B12 Deficiency ... Intestine: SIBO, Celiac ... disease, IBD, Lymphoma ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia ... #differential #
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Causes of Low Vitamin ... B12 Levels Low ... vitamin B12 intake ... , coeliac disease ... low #cobalamin #differential
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... related to IBD, celiac ... disease, other ... total body stores Evaluation ... , can consider IM