12 results
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
syndrome Food-bound cobalamin ... , coeliac disease ... #VitaminB12 #deficiency ... #low #cobalamin ... #differential #diagnosis
Gastrointestinal Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia
In patients with anemia, diagnose iron deficiency if:
 • Ferritin <
Gastrointestinal Evaluation ... patients with anemia, diagnose ... inflammation or chronic ... tests Test for celiac ... disease with serology
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
intrinsic factor, IF) Clinical ... related to IBD, celiac ... disease, other ... total body stores Evaluation ... #Deficiency #diagnosis
Chronic Diarrhea - Workup
Osmotic:
 • Consider food diary and trial avoiding certain foods or meds, Consider
Chronic Diarrhea ... certain foods or meds ... Consider testing for celiac ... disease Inflammatory ... differential #testing #evaluation
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Encephalopathy, Cobalamin ... Deficiency Selective ... Brain #Disorders #Clinical ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Neurology
Plain radiography of the abdomen revealed calcification of both adrenal glands. A homozygous mutation in LIPA
confirmed the diagnosis ... , or Wolman’s disease ... triglycerides, a deficiency ... #clincial #peds ... NEJM #Wolmans #radiology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Demyelinating Disease ... heavy metals), Critical ... Shellfish poisoning, Meds ... : Acid maltase deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis
Celiac Disease - Clinical Manifestations
Gastrointestinal Manifestations: 
 • Diarrhea, Loose stools, Dyspepsia, Flatulence, Chronic abdominal pain,
Celiac Disease - ... Clinical Manifestations ... Hepatitis • Iron-deficiency ... #Disease #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Preoperative Risk Evaluation ... Change in clinical ... Cataract Plan for Meds ... perioperative #Risk #Evaluation ... stratification #diagnosis
Helpful Clinical Features in Evaluating Bleeding Disorders
Age of onset
 • Neonate - in 20% of haemophilias,
Helpful Clinical ... Features in Evaluating ... or factor XIII deficiency ... Disorders #History #peds ... #pediatrics #diagnosis