10 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
Differential Diagnosis ... and Evaluation ... symptoms (HA, nausea ... #EM #IM #Nephro ... Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... diabetes Key signs ... , weight loss, hypovolemia ... #IM #Endo #DKA ... #HHS #Ddxof
Cullen's sign. Lipase 1,781. Bruising in the skin around the umbilicus. This sign is named after
conditions that cause ... Pathophysiology: ... pregnancy, or other causes ... #cullensign #em ... #peritonitis #IM
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... crackles in the right middle ... , hypotension, hypovolemia ... • Signs/Symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Bullous Pemphigoid - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Pathophysiology: Autoantibody-mediated damage to epithelial basement membrane -> separation of
Management Summary Pathophysiology ... epidermis from dermis Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms/ ... - Erosions and crusts ... feasible CMC IM
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... intervention CMC IM
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
immune compromise Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms: ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology: ... pyelonephritis CMC IM
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
Signs of poor perfusion ... Signs of congestion ... are excellent at evaluating ... patient causing hypovolemia ... the determined cause
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
Pathogenesis and clinical ... hearing loss, nausea ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #otology
Handlebar Traumatic Injury 
Young girl presents to you after low energy, helmeted bicycle accident. Her vitals
HANDLE BAR INJURIES ... in over 80% of cases ... and/or delayed diagnosis ... consultation, evaluation ... Trauma #Injury #clinical