14 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
and Evaluation ... 2) Presence of symptoms ... volume status (edema ... #EM #IM #Nephro ... Differential #Algorithm #Ddxof
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... diabetes Key signs ... /symptoms of HHS ... seizure) #Pathophys #EM ... Endo #DKA #HHS #Ddxof
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... crackles in the right middle ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... #diagnosis #NCPE
Bulimia Nervosa: Signs and Symptoms
Associated Psychological / Behavioural Features
 • Feelings of shame, guilt and embarrassment
episodes • Self-evaluation ... Sores, scars, calluses ... inducing vomiting #BulimiaNervosa ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... Incontinence • Saddle ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs
Acute Otitis Media: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings (in Children)
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: 
 - Bacterial: Streptococcus
Inflammation & edema ... inflaming the middle ... #OtitisMedia #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #peds #pediatrics
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... hemorrhage and disc edema ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Cullen's sign. Lipase 1,781. Bruising in the skin around the umbilicus. This sign is named after
conditions that cause ... Pathophysiology: ... pregnancy, or other causes ... onset of other symptoms ... #cullensign #em
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Acute retinal edema ... caused by ischemia ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
inflammation of middle ... hearing loss, nausea ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #otology