26 results
Cotton Wool Spots

Caused by microinfarcts. Exploded ganglion cell axons extrude their axoplasm into retina. Long DDx:
Cotton Wool Spots ... Caused by microinfarcts ... axoplasm into retina ... hypertension, diabetes, HIV ... #fundoscopy #ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
diffuse light reflex ... of the terminal retinal ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Freiberg's Test for Piriformis Syndrome

Flex the hip to 90 degrees, internally rotate the hip.
Pain in the
Piriformis Syndrome Flex ... the hip to 90 degrees ... lumbar #clinical #video ... #physicalexam # ... msk #sports #orthopedics
Piriformis Test (FAIR Test - Flexion, Adduction, and Internal Rotation)

Flex the hip to 90 degrees, then
Internal Rotation) Flex ... the hip to 90 degrees ... lumbar #clinical #video ... #physicalexam # ... msk #sports #orthopedics
Orbicularis Reflex in an Alzheimer's Patient on Physical Exam

Alzheimer's is a degenerative, progressive and irreversible disease.
time, and can cause ... present in the video ... strike the upper lip ... #PhysicalExam # ... clinical #video
Brudzinski's Sign in Meningitis

Severe neck stiffness causes the patient's knees and hips to flex when the
neck stiffness causes ... patient's knees and hips ... to flex when the ... Meningitis #clinical #video ... #physicalexam #
Brudzinski's Sign in Meningitis

Severe neck stiffness causes the patient's knees and hips to flex when the
neck stiffness causes ... patient's knees and hips ... to flex when the ... Meningitis #clinical #video ... #physicalexam #
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Passive neck flexion causes ... an involuntary reflex ... Video by Dr. ... Meningitis #Clinical #Video ... #PhysicalExam #
Chronic Vision Loss by Anatomic Location - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cornea:
 • Keratoconus
 • Stromal Scaring
 •
- Obscure Red Reflex ... Degeneration (Wet, Dry) Retina ... - Cotton wool spots ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Bunnel-Littler PIP Joint Test on Physical Exam
For intrinsic vs joint capsule cause of restriction or tightness
joint capsule cause ... joint & passively flex ... flex at the PIP ... BunnelLittler #Test #PhysicalExam ... #clinical #video