9 results
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • CT: Halo sign ... Constitutional symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
Diagnosis is generally ... infiltrate (e.g., CXR ... - Pulmonary symptoms ... pain) and signs ... #Pneumonia #Venn
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs ... of CXR congestion
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
friction rub audible Lungs ... pleural effusion on CXR ... cause interstitial lung ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) - Diagnosis and Management

Pneumonia Signs/Symptoms:
 • Confusion/disorientation (LR + 1.9)
 • Cough
(CAP) - Diagnosis ... Signs/Symptoms: ... • Pleuritic chest ... Yield of blood CX ... #CAP #Diagnosis
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
inflammation Symptoms ... Nasal polyps and signs ... in the adjacent lung ... of the affected lung ... parenchyma Diagnosis
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... granulomas within the lungs ... e.g. incidental CXR ... dyspnea, cough, chest ... #Management #Signs
Fluid Responsiveness and Fluid Tolerance Testing - OnePager Summary
Fluid resuscitation can be beneficial when required or
blood flow in the chest ... precede other signs ... reservoir of ~300 ml ... Tolerance #testing #diagnosis ... #criticalcare #comparison
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
Vital signs: BP ... x-ray (CXR), try ... not seen on a CXR ... #Radiology #CTChest ... #Lung #Pulmonary