12 results
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Urine K+ <13 mEq ... Urine Cl - Non-reabsorbable ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Elevated Renin Urine ... Inappropriate renal K+ ... dominant kidney disease ... #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia Diagnostic Algorithm
To assess potassium excretion: perform 24-hour urine collection or alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ratio on
Hypokalemia Diagnostic ... perform 24-hour urine ... wasting. ... Algorithm #TTKG #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... urine Cl; • ... K/creatinine (Cr ... confirmed via genetic testing ... correcting serum potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... • Autoimmune disease ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
24-hour urine ... Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... #workup #diagnosis ... #nephritic #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
1) 24-hour urine ... Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... #workup #diagnosis ... #nephrology #nephrotic
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... Na+K / serum Na ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology