9 results
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
effective arterial blood ... Urine Cl - Non-reabsorbable ... #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... #diagnosis #glomerulonephritis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... Spot PC (protein ... in monitoring low-level ... #workup #diagnosis ... #nephrology #nephrotic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... blood pressure: ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
originate from a low-grade ... Positive Coombs testing ... younger pts) Differential ... sensitize red blood ... passage of red-brown urine
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) - Diagnosis and Management

Pneumonia Signs/Symptoms:
 • Confusion/disorientation (LR + 1.9)
 • Cough
Community Acquired ... Pneumonia (CAP) - Diagnosis ... (LR + 2.8) Testing ... cultures - Urine ... CX is low ranging
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... urine Cl; • ... confirmed via genetic testing ... #differential # ... algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... blood pressure ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #nephrology #management