8 results
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
PRA • ↓ Serum sodium ... bronzing") - Palmar ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Symptoms and Signs of Hypocalcemia
Muscular: Weakness, fatigue, Spasms, cramps
Neurologic: Tetany, Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign, Circumoral and
Symptoms and Signs ... of Hypocalcemia ... Spasms, cramps Neurologic ... secretion #Hypocalcemia ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Neurologic disorders
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... → Syncope • Signs ... Profuse sweating, pallor ... - Hyperkalemia
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis ... tothe sun (e.g., palm ... Cataracts Labs: Hypokalemia ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium