16 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... • Renal tubular ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... inhibitors Other causes ... cell disease - Renal ... Low Renin - Diabetes ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... life threatening complications ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative
Elevated Amylase (Hyperamylasemia)- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pancreatic causes:
 - Pancreatic cancer
 - Complications pancreatitis: eg pseudocyst
 -
Pancreatic causes ... Pancreatic cancer - Complications ... Non-pancreatic causes ... Active IBID - Renal ... disease / HIV / Diabetes
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... To prevent hypokalemia ... patient has good renal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... of diabetic ketoacidosis ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of Diabetes ... Acquired - Primary renal ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... Treatment is aimed
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
HAGMA • Late complication ... HYPOTENSION → renal ... vasoconstriction → decreased renal ... perfusion → renal ... Cast formation: Renal
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
HYPOTENSION -> renal ... vasocontriction-> decreased renal ... renal ischemia ... Cast formation: Renal ... Management #Summary #causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
contribution of liver or renal ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... • Type B1: - Diabetes ... deficiency - Renal ... lactate production Renal