15 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... lesion • CNS infection ... #Differential #
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... - Autonomic symptoms ... meningeal irritation signs ... #differential # ... diagnosis #ophthalmology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
history of viral infection ... Occlusion of posterior inferior ... 24% always had headache ... varying neurologic signs ... Vertigo #Causes #differential
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
Dangerous Causes of Headache ... shoulder girdle symptoms ... thrombophilia, neurologic signs ... /symptoms in non-arterial ... Dangerous #Deadly #Differential
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
with the same symptoms ... of sinus or ear infection ... parasitic or fungal infection ... #redflags #signs ... #symptoms #differential
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Coltivirus Symptoms ... influenzae Symptoms ... Acute meningeal signs ... rav7ks #CNS #Infections
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
Transudation or exudation ... resolution of infection ... postauricular crease • Inferior ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
characterized by: • Headache ... mental status • Headache ... Neurological symptoms ... Reversible course Differential ... Diagnosis: • Infection
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
systemic sx + signs ... very remarkable w/differential ... vasculitis vs infection ... claudication, headaches ... required +/- prompt ophthalmology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
(headache and diplopia ... Behcet disease) Differential ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... diagnosis #management #signs ... #symptoms #rheumatology