11 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
• Meningeal signs ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... arteritis • Acute ... #PHANTOMS #mnemonic
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Méniére's disease ... Occlusion of posterior inferior ... course of the disease ... Disease onset usually ... signs or symptoms
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... weakness and #Acute ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
Acute Closed Angle ... • The disease ... lights are a key symptom ... damage & blindness Signs ... Photophobia #Acute
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
or at work) - acute ... glaucoma: unilateral anterior ... shoulder girdle symptoms ... thrombophilia, neurologic ... signs/symptoms
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Epidemiology: Female (75%), 18-50 years,
caucasian
 • Symptoms: Moderate visual
caucasian • Symptoms ... orbital pain, (Sub)acute ... Unilateral • Signs ... MRI: ON- focal, anterior ... other auto-immune diseases
Chagas Disease - American Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is an infectious
weeks incubation Acute ... Romana's sign ... Indeterminate form (No signs ... /symptoms, positive ... serology, smear
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
clinical findings Acute ... Transudation or exudation ... postauricular crease • Inferior ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis of Lyme Disease - Borreliosis
Erythema migrans
 - 3-32 days (median: 7-10 days)
Diagnosis of Lyme Disease ... findings, Lyme serology ... : 21 days) - Acute ... Borreliosis #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Timeline