772 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Illness Script
HPS is a pulmonary disorder of chronic liver disease characterized by a
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... abnormalities PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ... = increased Aa gradient ... arteriovenous shunting causes ... portal HTN • Aa gradient
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Approach to the A-a Gradient ... A-a gradient = ... A-a Gradient ≤ ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
ascites albumin gradient ... Late Budd-Chiari syndrome ... Early Budd-Chiari syndrome ... leak, Nephrotic syndrome ... ascites #albumin #gradient
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... found in 60% of cases ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes
Ascites Differential Diagnosis Table - Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG)

SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 • Cirrhosis
 • Portal
Ascites Albumin Gradient ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Serum #Albumin #Gradient
Aortic Stenosis Grading on echocardiography
The cut-offs for grading can be found in table 1. Discrepancies are
Aortic Stenosis Grading ... The cut-offs for grading ... and are usually caused ... 4.0 m/s and mean gradient
Hyperthermic Syndromes - This table summarizes the similarities and differences between some toxicologic causes of hyperthermic
Hyperthermic Syndromes ... some toxicologic causes ... of hyperthermic syndromes ... • Serotonin syndrome ... #Hyperthermic #Syndromes
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
gas equation • Causes ... obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... • Most common cause ... gravity-dependent gradients ... hepatopulmonary syndrome
Budd Chiari Syndrome
Hepatic vein obstruction. Can be caused by thrombosis or sometimes a tumour. Can lead
Budd Chiari Syndrome ... Can be caused by ... #BuddChiari #Syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Causes