16 results
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Effusion - Differential ... - Oncotic • Cirrhosis ... Urinothorax Exudate - Infectious ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... #Hepatology #causes
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... - HIV infection ... multifactorial mechanisms Hematologic ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Causes
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
likely it will be clinically ... Lymphoproliferative Disorders, Infection ... Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ... , Interstitial Pulmonary ... #diagnosis #differential
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
status NTM Cause ... Hematologic malignancy ... Disease: Clinical ... #differential # ... diagnosis #infectiousdiseases
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
often causes arthritis ... to exclude are infections ... LFT • ESR • ANA ... #diagnosis #rheumatology ... #classification
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
- Diagnosis and ... Caused by intrapulmonary ... shunt (Type 2) Clinical ... no established medical ... #treatment #hepatology
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
requires special media ... antimicrobials, clinical ... but important causes ... Diseases Fellows ... #differential #
Cryofibrinogenemia Summary

Cryofibrinogenemia Epidemiology:
 • 40-70 years with a modest female predominance

Cryofibrinogenemia:
 • The precipitation of a
Malignancy • Infections ... thrombophlebitis, pulmonary ... cryoglobulins • Negative causes ... Antiphospholipid syndrome ... hematology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... primary condition MEDIUM ... often causes arthritis ... #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... gland) biopsy • Histo ... salivary ducts Clinical ... : • 10%-15% Pulmonary ... primary biliary cirrhosis