16 results
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential ... Necrotizing, pauci-immune ... respiratory tracts Immune ... tract, and often causes ... purpura: strong sign
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
polymorphisms alter ... cell-mediated immune ... - Formation of immune ... nephrotic/nephritic syndrome ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis #Signs
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... Differential Diagnosis ... purpura: Strong sign ... Multinucleated giant cells ... tract, and often causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Hematuria: • Immune ... hematuria • Signs ... Diagnostic of GN or vasculitis ... #Hematuria #Differential
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
activity → local immune ... tissue: Epithelioid cells ... anterior/posterior MSK ... • Heerfordt syndrome ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... abscess - Herpes zoster ... pain/swelling - Fever ... #Leg #pain #differential ... lower #extremity #msk
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... Meningitis • Include: vasculitis ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... by immune mechanisms ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta, Vasculitis ... #Differential #
Causes of Myocarditis 
1. Infectious Myocarditis
 • Bacterial - Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, Gonococcus, Salmonella, Corynebacterium
virus, varicella-zoster ... Immune-mediated ... autoimmune or immune-oriented ... Churg-Strauss syndrome ... #differential #
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Bacterial Meningitis - Differential ... • Varicella-zoster ... Acute meningeal signs ... Develops in the immune ... CNS #Infections #differential