68 results
CAPNOGRAPHY 
Provides a measure of ventilation – or concentration of CO2 exhaled air (aka end tidal
end tidal CO2 or etCO2 ... Apnea or hypoventilation ... detect Apnea or hypoventilation ... #curarecleft #hypoventilation ... #hyperventilation
Capnography Waveforms
Sudden loss of waveform
 • ET tube disconnected, dislodged, kinked or obstructec
 • Loss of
function Decreasing EtCO2 ... Asthma • COPD Hypoventilation ... Hyperventilation ... Decreased EtCO2 ... Interpretation #ETCO2
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
PETCO2 - End-tidal ... ventilation (where ETC02 ... : hypovolemia, hypoventilation ... Sudden drop in ETCO2 ... diagnosis #pulmonary #ETCO2
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
waveform amplitude ETC02 ... plateau - ETCO2 ... • DOWNTRENDING ETCO2 ... embolism - Hyperventilation
Table of Breathing Patterns and Their Associated Conditions
Apnea
Biot's respirations
Bradypnea
Cheyne-Stokes respirations	
Hyperpnea
Hyperventilation
Hypoventilation
Kussmaul respirations
Orthopnea
Paradoxic ventilation
Sighing respirations
Tachypnea
Hoover's sign

#Breathing #Patterns #Diagnosis
respirations Hyperpnea Hyperventilation ... Hypoventilation
Hyperventilation Test to Induce an Absence Seizure

#Hyperventilation #Test #Absence #Seizure #clinical #video #physicalexam #neurology #PetiteMal
Hyperventilation ... Absence Seizure #Hyperventilation
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Atelectasis Central Hypoventilation ... Hypothyroidism Peripheral Hypoventilation ... • Obesity Hypoventilation
Pediatric Trauma Primary Survey: C-ABCDE
C - Catastrophic Bleeding - Life-threatening hemorrhage
 • Apply direct pressure/compression bandage
MILS), maintain ETCO ... brief period of hyperventilation
Rapid Titration of IV Naloxone for Opioid Overdose 
Signs of Opioid Overdose: 
 - Hypoventilation associated
Overdose: - Hypoventilation
Medications for High-Altitude Sickness 
Acetazolarnide 
 • Carbonic Anydrase Inhibitor Bicarb diuresis & metabolic Acidosis ->
> compensatory hyperventilation