27 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... disc herniation (central ... Incontinence • Saddle Anesthesia ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Causes of Excessive ... Shift Work) Sleep ... • Obstructive/CentraI ... Apnea • Restless Legs ... Parkinson's, MS)
High Central Neuraxial Block - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Can occur with deliberate or accidental
• Elevate the legs ... Consider other causes ... that may mimic signs ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... #Management #Workup
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
, e.g. central line ... examination and vital signs ... Plan definitive management ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... #Management #Workup
Intraoperative Sepsis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Severe sepsis (hypotension persisting after initial fluid challenge of
devices could have caused ... steps. ❽ Insert central ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Reflexes: • Knee ... saddle (perineal) anesthesia ... Commonly caused ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #physicalexam
Intraoperative Circulatory Embolus - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Causes: thrombus, fat, amniotic fluid, air/gas.
Signs: hypotension, tachycardia,
Signs: hypotension ... possible • If central ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Local Anaesthetic Toxicity - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Signs of severe toxicity:
 • Sudden alteration in
Guidelines for Crises ... Signs of severe ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
of more of the signs ... Elevate patient’s legs ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Multiple Sclerosis (MS ... disease of the central ... nearly 3:1 • MS ... /SYMPTOMS: • CENTRAL ... #management #neurology