12 results
diagnosis nephrology algorithm metabolic causes hypokalemia hyponatremia management workup chloride framework gitelman hypernatremia hypophosphatemia hypotonic icucard pathophysiology phosphate physiologic potassium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Differential #
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Differential #
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... sodium is typically ... the excretion of sodium ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #low
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... leukemia Measure Urine ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... • Normal or Low ... - Normal or Low
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #sodium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Differential #
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Potassium • Magnesium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
Hypokalemia - Differential ... isolation) GI loss - Urine ... • Magnesium depletion ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... #Differential #
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