6 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential ... leukemia Measure Urine ... • Normal or Low ... #phosphate #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... , Hypomagnesemia ... sodium is typically ... #differential #
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Then, ask 3 questions ... to work through ... Measure urine osmolality ... demyelination syndrome ... #sodium