19 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
into cells - Acute ... depletion: Respiratory alkalosis ... ), Hungry bone syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #phosphate
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... other • Severe potassium ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
CIDP, Guillain-Barre ... Paraprotein-associated (POEMS syndrome ... Fabry's disease, Acute ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... #nephrology #low
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... - Summary Acute ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... #management #treatment ... #neurology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... and metabolic alkalosis ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
An acute rise or ... heart failure, neurologic ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Neurologic disorders ... , and Guillain-Barre
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... ↑ ↑ Metabolic alkalosis ... Compensation, Acute ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology